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Trust Everything, Everywhere

Trust 'building blocks', like encryption, enable digital industries to flourish securely, but they don't extend into the physical world. With emerging technology blurring the line between digital and physical, a new trust infrastructure that straddles both worlds could unlock cyber-physical markets.

What is an opportunity space?

Opportunity spaces are areas of research that we believe are ripe for breakthroughs. They are defined by our Programme Directors, and must be highly consequential for society, under-explored relative to their potential impact, and ripe for new talent, perspectives, or resources to change what’s possible.

Core beliefs

The core beliefs that underpin this opportunity space:

1.

Creating a new trust infrastructure will unlock the cyber-physical economy. The trust building blocks that enabled today’s £24-trillion digital economy, like encryption and cryptographic signatures, do not extend to the physical world.

2.

Formal security reasoning is key to designing new cyber-physical trust building blocks: rooted in different assumptions (e.g. quantum physics instead of computational hardness), and living in alternative informational substrates (e.g. DNA instead of bits).

3.

AI will make secure cyber-physical interactions accessible to everyone. The next generation of trust infrastructure will allow AI systems to generate customised, on-demand protocols in situ for any given cyber-physical interaction, spanning atoms, molecules, waves, and bits. 

Observations

Some signposts as to why we see this area as important, underserved, and ripe.

Observations image

 

Download as a PDF here, or the accessible version here.

Give feedback on this opportunity space

Areas we are exploring whilst developing a funding programme in this space:

  • Substrate-agnostic, AI-generated security protocols – enabling agent collaboration in digital and physical adversarial environments using cryptography, trusted hardware and other similar capabilities
  • Security primitives for biology, especially for biosecurity (vaccine obfuscation etc.)
  • Verifiable manufacturing/self-driving labs/autonomous supply chains
  • Security-like behaviours in nature
  • Classical to quantum trust-minimised communication (practical remote state preparation, remote state measurement)
  • Neuro-privacy, and neural interfaces security technology

Help inform the development of the programme thesis by providing feedback or registering interest in taking part in a roundtable.

Share your thoughts

Pre-programme discovery funding

Application deadline: 12 November 2025 (14:00 GMT)

We are now looking to develop an ambitious research programme within this space. To help inform our direction and build community, we are looking to fund ~3-month exploratory projects with up to £20,000 each.

We welcome proposals that fall into one of these four tracks:

  • Track 1: Systemisation of knowledge – In-depth analyses of topics relevant to the opportunity space.
  • Track 2: Applied agentic challenges – Design and prototype implementation of games to help us measure the current state of the art in multi-agent coordination and surface new agentic capabilities.
  • Track 3: Ethical and risk analysis – Analyses of ethical considerations and risks we should be mindful of as we consider funding tools and infrastructure for multi-agent coordination.
  • Track 4: Community building in the UK, and beyond – Events, educational content, website and other such community-driven efforts to grow multi-disciplinary R&D communities in the UK and beyond who are relevant to the opportunity space.

More details including what is in and out of scope can be found in the call for proposals below.

We are also hosting a webinar on Wednesday 22 October at 16:00 to present our current thinking around the thesis, followed by Q&A from the audience. You can find more information and instructions to register here.

Resources:

Call for proposals
Call for proposals (accessible version)
Accessibility support

Apply now

Meet the programme team

Our Programme Directors are supported by a core team that provides a blend of operational coordination and highly specialised technical expertise.

Alex(1)

Alex Obadia

Programme Director

Alex is an entrepreneur and investor in early-stage frontier technologies, with a keen interest for quantum cryptography. Previously, he co-founded Flashbots, a software unicorn dedicated to safeguarding the decentralisation and permissionlessness of the Ethereum blockchain. Flashbots’ products have helped generate nearly £2bn so far and its R&D sparked the 'MEV' industry.

Headshot of Sarath Murugan

Sarath Murugan

Programme Specialist

Sarath joined ARIA from a business operations and strategy role in a defence engineering scale-up, where his team developed a product that brought the capabilities of gen-AI to the disconnected-edge. He holds an LLB from Bristol, and has experience in project and product-facing roles. Sarath supports ARIA as an operating partner from Pace.

Headshot of Nicola Greco

Nicola Greco

External Technical Advisor

Nicola is a cryptography researcher and investor. Over the last decade, he has led Protocol Labs’ Cryptography R&D team who pioneered the use of zero-knowledge cryptography in production systems, and was the first check in multiple unicorns. Formerly, he was a fellow at the Harvard Center for Internet and Society and a PhD student at MIT advised by Tim Berners-Lee, inventor of the World Wide Web.

Edith Web

Edith-Clare Hall

Frontier Specialist

Edith works alongside the Programme Directors to scope out emerging areas of technology that can shape current and future ARIA programmes. Her doctoral work is in Soft Robotics and Engineering Mathematics at the University of Bristol, where she has developed bespoke wearable robots for progressive disease, leveraging novel hardware and AI.

Find us at the following events: 

Resources

A compiled, but not exhaustive list of works helping to shape our view and frame the opportunity space (for those who want to dig deeper).

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